Constitutional Crisis in 1876

If you think the presidential election of 2000 was ugly, you should have been around for the election of 1876.

Waged against the backdrop of Reconstruction, the race pitted Democrat Samuel J. Tilden, a reform-minded New York governor, against Republican Rutherford B. Hayes, a three-term governor of Ohio.

Amid vote-buying, intimidation and political skullduggery of the most blatant sort, three states, Florida, Louisiana, and South Carolina, submitted two sets of electoral votes, one for Hayes and one for Tilden.

A constitutional crisis ensued, and Congress appointed a special election commission to sort out the disputed votes.

Then, in a backroom deal, the Republican-controlled commission asked Southern Democrats to award all 19 disputed votes to Hayes, and in return, once president, Hayes would withdraw all federal troops from the South.

The bribe was accepted by the Democrats and Hayes ended up with 185 electoral votes to Tilden’s 184. For the next four years, bitter Democrats called the new president “Rutherfraud” and Tilden “President Tilden.” Tilden called the debacle “the greatest political crime of our history.”